Carl Rogers Theory of Personality - 2519 Words

Carl Rogers Introduction Carl Rogers is among the small group of enlightened, visionary individuals that stand as giants in the field of psychology. Due to the theories that Rogers developed not only in psychology but in theories of education, he is considered, as Constance Holden writes, †¦one of the grand old men of American psychology and a leading figure in the postwar development of humanistic psychology (Holden, 1997, p. 31). This paper reviews his theory of personality, his approach to therapy and the contributions he made to the field of psychology as a whole. Rogers Theory of Personality Rogers theory of personality was actually a theory that embraces providing the client with a †¦roadway toward self-actualization†¦ as an unfolding process of self-discovery and self-awareness, according to Jeffrey S. Nevid (Nevid, 2011, p. 403). Rogers believed that personality is expressed through †¦conscious experience of directing ourselves toward fulfilling our unique potentials as humans (Nevid, 403). The self is the center of the human experience, Rogers posited, and while that does not seem very original or unique as an idea, the psychologist went on to explain that self is the executive part of your personality (Nevid, 403). That is, the executive part of the personality like the executive in a corporation organizes things. In this case the executive part sifts out how the person relates to the world as I or me that individual that looks back at you in theShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Personality : Carl Rogers846 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology Assessment Carl Rogers was a humanistic psychologist who developed the theory of personality. This theory helps us to understand human behaviour by looking at a person’s self-image and their actions and therefore shows that everyone is different. Rogers believed that people can achieve self-actualization through unconditional positive regard, congruence and genuineness. (McLeod, 2014) Self-actualization is when a person can reach their full potential and this happens when their self-imageRead MorePersonality Theory Bandura Carl Rogers3322 Words   |  14 PagesRunning head: Albert Bandura Carl Rogers Compare and Contrast Social Cognitive and Humanistic Theories of Personality to the case study entitled Myesha Course: PSCY3017 Personality Theory II Personality is an intriguing component in psychology vital for the perception of human beings. Understanding and defining personality has proven to be a difficult task. It is so complex, in fact, that no single theory can adequately define it. If one was to ask an ordinaryRead MoreCarl Rogers and His Theory of Personality Essays3414 Words   |  14 PagesCarl Rogers (1902-1987) was ‘the most influential psychologist in American history’ (Kirshenbaum, 1989:11). Since the study of personality began, personality theorists have offered a wide assortment of explanations about behaviour and about what constructs a person. Carl Rogers was the main originator of the ‘person centred’ approach, also referred to as the ‘nondirective’ or ‘client centred’ approach. This essay will offer a brief description about some of the main concepts in Carl Rogers’ personRead MorePersonality Theory: Victor Frankl vs Carl Rogers Essay2368 Wor ds   |  10 PagesPERSONALITY THEORY Ââ€" CARL ROGERS AND VICTOR FRANKL Why is it that man lives up to a certain point not knowing what the meaning of life is. Not knowing what path to follow, not knowing if the energy and courage to discover the truths of ones own existence in this world exist. Some persons will drive past a street child on Cape Town roads and look sideways in horror, quickly lock a car door with an unapparent elbow; warm, safe, and comfortable in the interior of a brand new sports model car. OthersRead MoreCarl Rogers’ Theory Of Personality. Personality Theories1093 Words   |  5 PagesCarl Rogers’ Theory of Personality Personality theories suggest explanations for behaviors and how to change them. Multiple personality theories exist however one of the most interesting is the theory of personality by Carl Rogers. Rogers writes, â€Å"the core of man’s nature is essentially positive† (1961, p.73). â€Å"Carl Ransom Rogers (January 8,1902- February 4, 1987) was an influential American psychologist who, along with Abraham Maslow founded the humanistic approach to psychology† (â€Å"Carl,† 2017,Read MorePsychodynamic And Humanistic Theories Of Psychology1634 Words   |  7 PagesPsychodynamic and Humanistic Personality Theories The study of the human mind is an interesting topic to discuss about, we have many theorists that have come up with many different ideas or theories, in how to evaluate the mind of humans, two main ways to study the mind in psychology are psychodynamic approach and humanistic approach. Even though these theories are to evaluate human minds they have different views in how the mind works. In psychodynamic approach, the way the mind is viewed is thatRead MoreSigmund Freud And Humanistic Theories Of Psychology1636 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The reading of personality has a thick layer of theories in psychology and is one of the most important fragments of psychological history to this day. This paper will compare and contrast the differences between the great theories of the psychodynamic theory from Sigmund Freud and the humanistic theory from Carl Rogers. These two theorists have different views of how personality is developed, with both theorists influencing the world of psychological personality to this day. Disputes betweenRead MoreComparison of Theories on Personality Essay examples1273 Words   |  6 PagesComparison of Theories on Personality Abstract This paper is a comparison of three different viewpoints on the subject of personality. Carl Jung, B.F. Skinner, and Carl Rogers all had very different outlooks on what defined someone’s personality. As an added feature I have included myself as a theorist because my views are also different from the previous mentioned theorists. This paper will also look briefly into the background of each theorist because their views on life began in theirRead MoreCarl Rogers : A Humanistic Approach1295 Words   |  6 Pagessuch as Carl Rogers, who believe that people needed to be self-centered. As a result he created what is known today as the self-centered theory. Carl Rogers believed that being self-centered is essential to the client’s personal growth of self-esteem. Rogers’s theory can be broken down into many steps. All of these steps help the main purpose of his work, self-concept. This theory consists of many components all starting with this basics of his approach. Carl Roger’s self-centered theory was accreditedRead MoreFreuds and Rogers Theories of Personality Psychotherapy1004 Words   |  4 PagesFreuds and Rogers Theories Personality Psychotherapy A comparison of Freud and Rogers theories of personality and psychotherapy Personality is the description of an individual through how the individual demonstrates his or her emotions and building relationship and their behavioral patterns. Two neurologists developed two theories to explain the formation of personalities. They were neurologist Sigmund Freud and psychologist Carl Rogers. Rogers and Freud worked in the field of psychotherapy

Steven Spielberg Essay - 726 Words

Steven Spielberg nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As a kid in Phoenix, Steven Spielberg charged admission to his home movies while his sister sold popcorn. Although Spielberg excelled at making movies he was not a good student. He hated school and was one of the most unathletic students there. His movie making career began at the age of twelve when his father bought a movie camera that Spielberg used all the time. Instead of doing his school work he was using the camera. While he was working with his mom and sister on his projects, his father helped him make miniature sets out of paper mache.He turned out his first production, with script and actors, when he was thirteen, and a year later he won a prize for a forty minute war movie titled†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;However, he followed Close Encounters with the disastrous Movie, 1941, which was his first attempt at comedy and his first true failure. He didnt take long to regain his form, both commercially and artistically. Teaming up with his pal George Lucas (whose Star Wars came out the same year as Close Encounters, and made even more money), Spielberg created an action-adventure picture based on the old continuing stories, better known as serials, that they both loved as kids. Called Raiders of the Lost Ark and detailing the adventures of an archaeologist named Indiana Jones, it earned him another Best Director nomination and made a ton of money at the box office. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A year later, Spielberg surpassed not only himself but Lucass Star Wars--his E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial was one of the biggest domestic moneymakers of all time. Further profiting as a producer of other directors hits (including Poltergeist and Back to the Future), Spielberg became one of the richest men in Hollywood. In 1984, he created his own independent company, Amblin Entertainment, and the following year, reacting to criticism that he couldnt make an adult picture, he attempted The Color Purple. Criticized for sentimentalizing the material, he was publicly embarrassed when the film pulled down eleven Oscar nominations, but not one for its direction. In a goodwill gesture, though, the Academy came through forShow MoreRelated Steven Spielberg Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesSteven Spielberg It is hard to imagine a person who has not heard of Steven Spielberg. He is one of the most renown, if not the most renown, American filmmakers of the century. His films have captivated and helped develop imaginations of contemporary society and remain among the most successful films ever made. Spielberg was born in Cincinnati on December 18th, 1946. His father was an electrical engineer, and his mother a concert pianist. Steven seemed to get the best elements from bothRead MoreThe Wallpaper Of Purple By Steven Spielberg1426 Words   |  6 Pagesmovie that jumpstarted Steven Spielberg’s career in the film industry, then The Color Purple was the movie that was able to distinguish Steven from any other movie director during the time. All of Spielberg’s movies prior to 1985 were generally movies of either action packed adventure or unnerving horror, but once Steven Spielberg announced that he would be doing a movie based on Alice Walker’s book, The Color of Purple, no one knew what to expect. Jump 31 years later, Steven Spielberg’s The ColorRead MoreA Brief Look at Steven Spielberg1726 Words   |  7 PagesSteven Allan Spielberg is known worldwide as a screenwriter, producer and one of Americas most successful filmmakers. His 20 highest-grossing films grossed 8.45 billion. He is a three-time winner of the Oscar Award, twice as the best director of the year. Spielberg was born on December 18, 1946 in Cincinnati (Ohio, USA), the son of a Jewish family engineer Arnold Spielberg and professional pianist Leah Adler (nee Posner).The mother had to give up the idea of her career for education of four childrenRead MoreSchindlers List by Steven Spielberg746 Words   |  3 PagesGood morning/afternoon, today I will be analysing a scene from Steven Spielberg’s master piece film Schindler’s List. Movie extraordinaire Steven Spielberg, who is a world renown director of countless memorable films, show cases his incredible skill and compelling power towards the audience, without using any dialogue in the most pivotal character development scene in Schindler’s List. Referred too, by the audience as ‘The girl in red’. Before I delve in to the depths of this scene and why it isRead MoreThe Lost Boy By Steven Spielberg2074 Words   |  9 Pages There is no flowing current throughout Spielberg’s filmography quite like the Lost Boy; the ultimate lost boy being Steven Spielberg himself. As a result of moving often in his formidable years, he was always the new kid. His father, who he described as a workaholic, was often absent. The absence only grew after his parents divorced. Considered a nerd by many of his classmates, even called ‘Spielbug’ behind his back, he found solace in the world of film. In 1958, to satisfy the quest for a meritRead MoreThe Acclaimed Director Steven Spielberg545 Words   |  2 PagesSteven Spielberg Steven Spielberg over the years has become one of the world’s most acclaimed directors, some of his more famous films, such Jaws, E.T, and Jurassic Park, broke the current box office records that were set at the time. But the path to successes was not always easy for him. In 1946, Spielberg began his life in the Ohio city of Cincinnati. He was born into a Jewish family, and moved to New Jersey, and Arizona in the process of his childhood. In his early teens he began making armatureRead MoreSteven Spielberg s Film Jaws2274 Words   |  10 PagesSteven Spielberg’s film â€Å"JAWS† (1975), (Spielberg/Universal), uses the motif of an essentially unseen shark, ominously present through unpredictable displays of terrifying violence, to sculpt a message about good, evil, power, arrogance, and vanity within the hegemony of small-town middle class America. Spielberg markets this â€Å"High Concept† (Cook 40), film and its nationalist ideals on a story that is principally based on one image, the shark, and the fallibility of the human decision making processRead More Steven Spielberg Biography Essay example2581 Words   |  11 PagesSteven Spielberg Biography Steven Spielberg: Revolutionary and Visionary Who would have thought that a brilliant career in filmmaking could have originated with a modest jar of Skippy Peanut Butter smeared on a neighbor’s window in a tiny Cincinnati suburb? One might not think that such an average boyhood prank could evolve a boy into a man who would become the most financially successful film director in history. Well, that is exactly where Leah Spielberg, Steven Spielberg’s motherRead MoreSteven Spielberg : Postmodern Auteur And Constructor1812 Words   |  8 PagesJessica Tang CTCS469 Professor Casper 18 October 2017 Steven Spielberg: Postmodern Auteur and Constructor In a 1977 interview with Steven Spielberg, the young filmmaker mused, â€Å"I think in a way I’m two different people; my instincts always commandeer my sensibilities, or my intellect is always beaten down by my instincts† (36). Spielberg’s prognosis is accurate – Spielberg’s creative instincts and business sensibilities balance each other, laying the foreground for his present prominence as bothRead MoreSteven Spielberg s Jaws And Jurassic Park984 Words   |  4 PagesSteven Spielberg is a director who has made many movies including Jaws (1975) and Jurassic Park (1993). Both Jaws and Jurassic Park show animals behaving in the way that nature intended them to behave. However, in Jaws the animal finds himself trapped in an unnatural environment, an inlet where humans swim. In Jurassic Park, animals that became extinct millions of years ago, dinosaurs, also find themselves in unnatural environment occupied by humans. I want to compare these two movi es because I

Charlotte Perkin’s Universal Truth Charlotte Perkin Gilman Free Essays

Charlotte Perkin’s Universal Truth Charlotte Perkin Gilman is internationally known for her short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. Gilman was born on July 3, 1860. After marriage, she endured depressions several times shortly after her first daughter was born. We will write a custom essay sample on Charlotte Perkin’s Universal Truth Charlotte Perkin Gilman or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gilman suffered from mental breakdowns which soon lead to melancholia. Her personal experiences, dealing with post-partum depression, are what inspired Gilman to write the story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. This story revolves around the main character, Jane, and how she copes with her illness. Jane suffers from post-partum depression, and to â€Å"cure† this illness, she is kept isolated from the world. In this short story there are many influences that impact the conflict of the story. Social influences are present in the story as Jane is kept isolated from the world. Also, cultural events in the story, related to the Victorian era, when women were treated unequally, built up the storyline. Finally, several personal events in Gilman’s past are shown throughout the story and add to the story’s conflict. Therefore, Charlotte Perkin Gilman incorporates several aspects of her own life into her short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† that becomes evident through the explanation of the Gilman’s universal truth that treating women inhumanely will only result in negative outcomes; it is the reverse cure for an illness. To begin with, social influences in the story, such as the isolation of Jane to cure her post-partum depression is clear in the story because Jane was separated from the world and is forbidden to live her life. In the story, Jane is not allowed out of her room, but in fact, she is kept isolated. The isolation of Jane is evident in the text when Jane states†¦. Gilman is also isolated from society because she is forbidden to do daily activities that she admires. The wise man that treats Gilman applies the rest cure on her and sends her home forbidding her from work, which in Gilman’s belief, brings joy to one’s mind. This is evident and shown in the text because Jane is to â€Å"never to touch pen, brush, or pencil again as long as [she] lives†. According to the â€Å"wise man†, isolating Gilman from everything is supposed to cure her illness, when in fact stopping one from doing as one desires will only worsen circumstances. The isolation of Jane and Charlotte Perkin Gilman herself explains Gilman’s universal truth that treating women inhumanely will only worsen conditions. In the story, Jane is treated in such a manner which only worsens her condition. She is kept isolated from the world and from doing activities that she feels the need to which add on to Gilman’s illness. In conclusion, men and women should be treated equally; treating one brutally will only lead to worsen and create bigger problems. In The Yellow Wallpaper, there are many influences that impact the story’s conflict. Social influences are evident in the story as Jane is isolated from society. Also, beliefs from the Victorian era on how women should be treated are revealed in the story. Cultural influences, the belief that man are more dominating or women are also present in the story as John looks down to Jane. Lastly, Personal influences are shown and evident in the story as Gilman’s personal experiences are reflected in the story. This short story is very significant because it shows how some treatments can lead to worsen conditions. The physician advises that Jane be kept away and isolated from any friends and family, and activities. Doing so, only worsens Jane’s condition because she became so caught up in her own world that she begins to see creatures and shapes in the yellow wallpaper. This eventually drives her to become insane. Jane does not live a healthy life because she is not allowed to socialize with anyone, live her life and breathe freely. In order for one to live a healthy life, one needs social, physical and mental relief. Therefore, in this story, Gilman proves her universal truth that women need to be treated humanely to live a healthy life; otherwise, conditions will only worsen. Work Cited How to cite Charlotte Perkin’s Universal Truth Charlotte Perkin Gilman, Essay examples

Importance of Cooperative law

Questions: (1). Indri runs a soil-testing business. He decides to form a company to take over the business. He is the sole shareholder and sole director. Indri sells his business to the company at an inflated price and lends the company $90,000 to help meet the cost of purchase. As security for the loan, Indri arranges a mortgage over a vacant block of land, which he transferred to the company as part of the business sale. In the first year of operation, the business makes a small profit (after paying both Indri and his 20 daughter's wages), but by the end of 2012 it is clear that the building industry is going through a major slump. Indri becomes desperate and works even harder. While working late into the night, Indri badly lacerates his hand and needs micro-surgery. His efforts to keep the business afloat are in vain and the company is forced into liquidation. On realisation of the assets, it is found that the company has approximately $95,000 to go towards meeting creditors' claims of $210, 000: (a) If Indri is the only secured creditor, will he get back his $90,000? (b) Can Indri claim workers' compensation, assuming that he is otherwise entitled to it? (2). Mr Shifty, Ms Avoider and Mr Marginal call to make an appointment with your firm, Fees Ruthless, solicitors. You have been asked to establish their new company (No-Tax Agents Pty Ltd). You advise them not to bother with their own constitution, but instead to rely on the replaceable rules in the Corporations Act. Advise who should be appointed as directors of their company in view of the following information: (a) Mr Shifty states that he does not want to be appointed a director or secretary. He suggests instead that: his family company be appointed as a director; and the company not have a company secretary; (b) Ms Avoider is currently unavailable for meetings as she has five months still to serve for her last conviction for falsifying company accounts; Mr Marginal is 72 years old and has Alzheimer's disease. A trustee has been appointed to administer his estate. Assume that Mr Shifty's family company subsequently goes into liquidation. In her report to ASIC, the liquidator states that the secured creditors have been repaid in full, but the unsecured creditors will not receive more than 20 cents in the dollar. The liquidator does not find any evidence of wrongdoing on the part of Mr Shifty or any of his fellow directors. What (if any) ramifications does this have for Mr Shifty, assuming that ASIC's records show that Mr Shifty has, over the last nine months, had a similar track record with two other small, proprietary companies? (3). Alan and Bill are the only shareholders and directors of Sailaway Pty Ltd (Sailaway) which distributes and sells yachting clothing and equipment. As well as a warehouse and attached shop, Sailaway owns a large block of waterfront land which it uses for storage. Alan is also the chairman and majority shareholder of Broadacres Pty Ltd (Broadacres) which buys rural land for subdivision into hobby farms. Broadacres needs to borrow $1.5 million to fund its latest purchase. It already has a large overdraft and has no unencumbered assets to use as security for another loan. Alan organised a loan of $1.5 million to Broadacres from ABC Finance Ltd (ABC Finance) on the basis that Sailaway would guarantee the loan by executing a mortgage over its waterfront land. Alan signed the mortgage documents as a director of Sailaway and forged Bill's signature as the other signatory. Tom, the local manager of ABC Finance, had been involved in earlier dealings with Sailaway and knew that its business did not include property development. However, Tom was away at the time the documents and the transactions were organised by a relieving manager who did not ask any questions about Sailaway's involvement. Broadacres is now in financial difficulties and has defaulted on the loan from ABC Finance. ABC Finance is seeking to enforce its rights under the mortgage against Sailaway. Advise Sailaway whether it is bound by the mortgage. (4). Andy, Bob and Chris were old school friends. Bob and Chris were running a surf shop together. The business was having financial difficulties. Andy had recently inherited a lot of money and Bob and Chris asked him to lend the business $100,000 to enable them to buy sufficient stock for the summer season. Andy wanted to help his friends but also wanted to ensure that he would get his money back.He agreed to lend Bob and Chris the money in return for a payment of $10,000 per year out of the gross returns of the shop. The terms of the loan also provided that Bob and Chris would consult Andy about any major contracts entered into by the business and gave him a right to inspect the accounts at regular intervals. Discuss whether or not a partnership exists between Andy, Chris and Bob. Would it make any difference if the terms of the loan provided for Andy to be paid $10,000 per year out of the profits of the business? Answers: (1). (a). As stated in the context that indri is the owner of the soil testing business. It is learnt that he is both the sole director and shareholder of the company. As stated in the context that he is sole director of the company, in accordance with the companies act 2006 he has managed to undertake the responsibilities of the business and holding discussion with the company secretary under the companies act 2006. As per the rule of stated in the section 11(1) of the company Directors Disqualification act 1986 it states that the directors of the company should not be under the situation where they are in Bankrupt condition. The company in which Indri holds the position of director is a sole proprietor company and Indri has given a loan of about $90,000 to the company and it was learn in the meeting that Indri sold his soil testing business to incur the cost of purchase. As the Indri is the sole director of the company but though the company has another identity where the shares, funds and assets of the companies cannot be regarded as his own. So indri provided the company with loan by keeping his vacant block of land under mortgage for security reasons. It was learnt that during the initial stages the company was generating profit, however, from the year 2012 it was learnt the company started incurring loss and was in liquidation situation. It was learnt that Indri is considered as the only creditor who is secured and has the legal right to get back his $90,000 from company under the consumers credit act section 75. However, it was learn that if the companies moves to the court and ask for some time, perhaps court can grant the appeal of the company under the Bankruptcy Act 1914. According to the company act 2006, it states that the company will be granted time to pay off their debt to the creditors but this can only be possible after a proper investigation is conducted. However, Indri being a creditor has to wait to get back his due amount of money (Al-Hawamdeh et al., 2013). (b). A worker can claim for compensation from the company when he fall ill by doing the work of the company during the course of employment. The company is held Vicarious Liable on the occurrence of such event as the employees are employed during the course of employment. In such event the company is under the liability to compensate the workers. It is evident that if the workers falls ill or meets with some unforeseen circumstances during the course of employment has the right to claim for compensation. However, it is learnt that Indri is the only director of the company and the organisation is currently under the proprietorship so Indri cannot claim for the compensation of workers. In the current scenario, it is learnt that due to high pressure in work Indri fell ill and had to undergo microsurgery operation and the insurance company will be compensating Indri for his surgery rather than claiming for the compensation under the workman compensation act being the sole director of the company. (2). Section 201 G of the corporation act 2001 describes the replaceable rules for the appointment of the director by the company under the companys act of managing directors 201 J. Such rules forms the basis of replaceable rule under the corporation act 2001 subsection 135 and 136. The case study reflects that Miss Avoider has been busy for a period of five month due to the conviction of accounts and Mr. Marginal who has been suffering from unstable mental condition due to the contamination of Alzheimers and he cannot be considered for the director post due to his unsound mind. In such a situation is best for the company to appoint Mr. Shifty as the director of the company as it has been clearly stated that Mr shifty does not want to be the director of the company but he wants the responsibility to be shouldered by some other person of his family members. On the other hand, it is observed that none of his family members is eligible to be the director of the company and he is the only per son who can be appointed as the director of the company. It must also be considered under the replaceable rules of the corporation act Mr. Shifty can appoint other person as a director of the company on the basis of 201 H. As per the rules Miss Avoider can be appointed as the director to carry on the responsibility of the company after the expiration of five years (Ashraf, 2012). Under the Corporation Act 2001 ASIC it is mandatory for the companies to maintain every record which has been clearly stated in the Section 286 (1). It also states that financial records should be maintained by the company to determine the financial position of the organisation. Under Section 9 of the Corporation Act 2001 cheques, bill of exchange, promissory notes for payment and vouchers of the transaction should be recorded and preserved accordingly. Section 288 states that financial transaction can be maintained in electronic format. It also states that the balance sheet should also be supported by financial transactions like balance sheet, profit and loss account, depreciation, income tax, business tax, superannuation tax etc should form a part of such balance sheet. It is advisable for the company to maintain the list of customers files, creditors record along with stock listing should be kept under observation so that it can be used in future to determine the financial aspects when the organisation is incurring profit or loss. According to the assumption it is noticed that Mr.Shiftys is incurring loss in his business and the creditors are claiming for their debts however ASIC is under obligation to maintain a record and obtain when required. However, it is found that ASICs if performs a detailed investigation and observes that Mr. Shifty has no fault than the creditors cannot claim for their debt from the company. On the other hand maintaining a track record with the other small proprietor company cannot be checked as per the ASIC record as it is the rule of the corporation act that small scale companies and proprietor companies should kept under the ASIC record. So if the business suffers from any unforeseen circumstances then it cannot be investigated due to the lack of evidence and record (Nahar, 2015). (3). According to the case study it is known that Alan and Bill are the shareholders and directors of Sail way Pvt Ltd. The company is under the partnership form of business run by two members. It is also noted that Alan holds the position of chairman and shares of another company which is named as Broad acres pvt ltd. Alan has equal share of responsibility in both the organisation but recently it was seen that Broad acres needs money. In order to get the required fund Alan took a loan of $1.5 million from ABC finance and presented Sail way pvt ltd as the guarantor for the loans by taking a forge signature of bill. He also kept waterfront land of Sail Pvt ltd in the form of mortgage without the permission of Bill. However it is considered as a wrongful act since the assets of the partnership business is jointly held by both Alan and Bill and involves the decision of both members (Mason, 2012). In the present case Alan performs a breach of contract under the partnership act which is punishable under the law. He is also liable to be held as guilty for taking a forged signature, which is an offence of breach of trust and is punishable under the law. However, difficulties of Broad acres have started coming up when the ABC financing started claiming the rights of mortgage in the form of creditors. In this situation Sail way pvt ltd cannot be entirely held responsible as it bound by mortgage as Bill who is also the another director of the company is unaware of the mortgage and loan taken by the Alan from ABC financing company. Perhaps the company is not bound to give the mortgage property to the creditor whereas Alan is personally liable for his acts and he is under obligation to pay loan to ABC finance by himself. The companies act 1956 states that if Alan is unable to pay the loan of the mortgage then his company will be sealed by the government or because of the forgery conducted by him is punishable under the law (Keay, 2015). According to the consumer credit act section 75 ABC finance can claim for their debt from Alan who is partially responsible and will be sued in the court of law because of his act of forgery which has jeopardise the company existence. The act requires that Partnership Company is bound to follow rules in order to facilitate proper functioning of the organisation. However, it is noted to gain unnecessary advantage of one company Broad acres pvt ltd Alan has kept risk of another organisation where Bill who is innocent has been harmed and he has the right to sue Alan for his act of negligence of tort. Hence, the act of forgery is considered as one of the main reason for damaging the business. (4). According to the case study, it states that a partnership is formed between Andy, Bob and Chris where a contract for deal is formed between the trios who are need for money in order to accumulate stock of the organisation. However, it was noted in the contract for business that Andy will be financing but the account details of the company are to be given to him. It also states that before performing any act of business, it has to be consulted from him and a payment of $10,000 per annum should be given to him. It is also states that if any breach of contract is performed than it can ask for penalty or even sue Bob and Chris in accordance with the law. Andy is not only the partner of the company he is also the creditor of Chris and Bob and in order to generate profit three of the friends are performing the business activities. The law states that breaching of rules cannot be negotiated in such scenario Andy can act as a creditor for reforming the act under the companys act 2006. The act also provides him with facilities to sue both Chris and Bob lawfully. In addition to this, if the terms are fulfilled than Andy will get more revenues because of the rule of the business as he will be considered as the decision maker and along with this, he will enjoy profits generated by the company in greater amount, which will be more than the amount from Bob and Chris. This is due to the financial stability of the organisation and the power of authority, which is more than his friends are. Therefore, in this scenario Andy can do any such activity which will help in maintaining the stability of the business in order to generate the profit for the business along with his own personal purpose (Lowry, 2012). Such authority makes his role different from the other business partner. It is also noteworthy to determine that he can gain a profit of $10,000 per annum, which forms the part of the condition in accordance with the financial contact, which is made between his friends. The contract also states that the directorship and the shareholding aspect of the business is shared between the three members. However, in this case if the business occurs to be in loss or comes to dissolution, then in such scenario he is not under the obligation to claim for compensation from his partners as he is also the member of the business. Such scenario will eventually lead to loss of money, which he has given in the form of debt to other partners of the business. Reference List: Al-Hawamdeh, A., Chiu, I. H., Goergen, M., Mallin, C., Mitleton-Kelly, E. (2013). The interpretation of the director's duty under section 172 Companies Act 2006: insights from complexity theory.Journal of Business Law,4, 417-433. Ashraf, T. (2012). Directors' duties with a particular focus on the Companies Act 2006.International Journal of Law and Management,54(2), 125-140. Barbu, E. M., Dumontier, P., Feleag, N., Feleag, L. (2014). Mandatory environmental disclosures by companies complying with IASs/IFRSs: The cases of France, Germany, and the UK.The International Journal of Accounting,49(2), 231-247. Brown, A. (2014). ASIC: Schedule B reports: What we do with them and improving outcomes.Australian Insolvency Journal,26(4), 40. Brown, A. (2014). ASIC: The Senate inquiry into the performance of ASIC. Chan, D. T., Hui, L. C., Yiu, S. M. (2014, July). Assessing cryptographic signature schemes from a legal perspective. InPrivacy, Security and Trust (PST), 2014 Twelfth Annual International Conference on(pp. 322-329). IEEE. Douglas, K. J. (2015).The termination of the duty and authority of a bank to honour its customer's cheques and other instructions for payment, including the broader implications for a bank of Sections 341 (2) and 348 of the Companies Act 1973(Doctoral dissertation). Keay, A. (2015). 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